Common Juniper
Juniperus communis depressa
2'-5'
10'-20'
full
Low
Dry
May-June
Blue
cone
fruit
Bronze
3-4
Fragrant Garden
Spreading Juniper
Juniperus horizontalis
6"-8"
6'-12'
full part
Medium to Low
Blue
cone
fruit
Blue Purple
2-4
Fragrant Garden Groundcover
Balsam Fir
Abies balsamea
50'
20'
full part shade
Medium
Wet to Mesic
May-June
cone
2-4
Fragrant Garden
White Spruce
Picea glauca
50'
12'-16'
full
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
cone
2-4
Deer Resistant
Black Spruce
Picea mariana
50'
10'-15'
full part
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
cone
2-4
Deer Resistant
Jack Pine
Pinus banksiana
50'
20'-35'
full
Medium
cone
2-3
White Pine
Pinus strobus
65'-75'
35'-55'
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
cone
3-7
Northern White Cedar
Thuja occidentalis
45'-60'
10'-12'
full part
Wet-Mesic
cone
2-4
Buckthorn Replacement Fragrant Garden
Canadian Hemlock
Tsuga canadensis
55'-60'
30'-35'
full part shade
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
cone
3-4
Deer Resistant Fragrant Garden
Maiden Hair Fern
Adiantum pedatum
1'-2'
1'-2'
part shade
High to Medium
Wet to Mesic
3-4
Lady Fern
Athyrium filix-femina
1'6"-2'
part shade
Wet to Mesic
4-5
Ostrich Fern
Matteuccia struthiopteris
2'-4'
full part shade
Wet to Mesic
3-4
Sensitive Fern
Onoclea sensibilis
1'-2'
full part shade
High to Medium
Wet to Mesic
3-5
Cinnamon Fern
Osmunda cinnamomea
3'-4'
2'
part shade
High to Medium
Mesic
3-5
Big Bluestem
Andropogon gerardii
3'-8'
1'6"
full part
Wet-Mesic to Dry
Bronze Silver Blue
3-5
Side Oats Grama
Bouteloua curtipendula
2'-3'
1'6"
full part
Mesic to Dry
3-4
Blue Grama
Bouteloua gracilis
6"-1'6"
1'
full part
Mesic-Dry to Dry
Green Purple
Fringed Sedge
Carex crinita
2'-5'
full part
Wet to Wet-Mesic
June-August
4-5
Hop Sedge
Carex lupulina
2'-3'
2'+
full part
Wet to Wet-Mesic
Palm (Swamp Oval) Sedge
Carex muskingumensis
2'-3'
1'
full part shade
Wet-Mesic
May-June
Green
4-7
Deer Resistant Groundcover
Bottlebrush Grass
Hystrix patula
3'-4'
1'
full part
Mesic
3-5
Soft Rush
Juncus effusus
2'-4'
1'-2'
full part
Wet to Mesic
June-July
Green
July-August
3-4
June Grass
Koeleria macrantha
1'-2'
1'
full
Medium to Low
Dry
May-June
Green Silver
3-5
Switchgrass
Panicum virgatum
4'-5'
1'6"+
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
3-5
Little Bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparius
2'-3'
1'6"
full part
Mesic to Dry
Red Yellow Bronze Blue
4-5
Prairie Dropseed
Sporobolus heterolepis
2'-4'
2'
full part
Mesic to Dry
seeds
Butterfly
3-5
Fragrant Garden
Regent Serviceberry
Amelanchier alnifolia 'Regent'
4'-6'
5'-6'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
May-June
White
June-July
Blue Purple Black
pome
fruit
Red Orange Yellow
Bird
3-7
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Sand (Roundleaf) Serviceberry
Amelanchier sanguinea
6'-8'
6'-8'
full part
Mesic
May
White
June-July
Red Purple
pome
fruit
Yellow
Bird
3-4
Leadplant
Amorpha canescens
2'-3'
2'-3'
full part
Mesic to Dry
June-August
Purple
August-October
pod
Yellow
Butterfly Bee
3-5
Deer Resistant
False Indigo
Amorpha fruticosa
8'-10'
10'-12'
full part
High to Low
Wet-Mesic
April-July
Purple Violet
August-September
Brown
pod
Yellow
Butterfly Bee
3-5
Deer Resistant Fragrant Garden
Native Black Chokeberry
Aronia melanocarpa
5'
5'+
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
May-July
White
July-October
Blue Black
pome
fruit
Red
Bird
3-4
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
New Jersey Tea
Ceanothus americanus
2'-3'
3'-5'
full
Mesic-Dry to Dry
June-August
White
August-September
Orange Black
drupe
leaves
Yellow
Butterfly Bee Deer Bumblebee
3-5
Ornamental Garden
Red Root / Inland Tea
Ceanothus ovatus
3'
1'6"-3'
full part
Mesic-Dry to Dry
June
White
June-July
Orange Black
drupe
Yellow
Butterfly Bee Deer Bumblebee
Ornamental Garden
Buttonbush
Cephalanthus occidentalis
6'-12'
6'-12'
full part
High to Medium
Wet to Mesic
June-August
White
Brown
nutlet
Yellow Brown
Bird Bee
4-5
Deer Resistant Fragrant Garden
Sweet Fern
Comptonia peregrina
2'-3'
4'+
full part
Wet-Mesic to Dry
Green Brown
nutlet
leaves
Red Yellow Brown
2-4
Fragrant Garden
Silky Dogwood
Cornus amomum
6'-12'
6'-12'
full
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic
June-July
White
Blue
berry
Red Orange Yellow Maroon Bronze Purple
Bird
4-5
Ornamental Garden
Gray Dogwood
Cornus racemosa
8'-12'
6'-10'
full part
Medium
Mesic to Mesic-Dry
June-July
White
August-September
White
berry
Red Maroon Purple
Bird
3-5
Buckthorn Replacement
Red-Twigged Dogwood
Cornus sericea
6'-12'
6'-12'
full part
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic
May-August
White
White
berry
Red Yellow Maroon Purple
Bird
3-5
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
American Hazelnut
Corylus americana
6'-12'
6'-12'
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
May
Green Brown Maroon
August-September
Brown
nut
fruit
Red Orange Maroon Bronze
3-4
Buckthorn Replacement
Beaked Hazelnut
Corylus cornuta
6'-12'
6'-12'
part shade
May
Brown Maroon
August-September
Brown
nut
fruit
Yellow
2-3
Buckthorn Replacement
Dwarf Bush Honeysuckle
Diervilla lonicera
3'-4'
3'+
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic to Dry
June-July
Yellow
Red Orange Bronze
Bee Bumblebee
2-4
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Common Witch Hazel
Hamamelis virginiana
20'-30'
25'-35'
full part shade
Mesic
Yellow
Yellow
4-7
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
St. John's Wort
Hypericum kalmianum
2'-3'
3'-4'
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
Yellow
July-August
Red Orange Yellow
4-5
Winterberry
Ilex verticillata
6'-10'
6'-8'
full part
High
Wet-Mesic
May-July
Green White Cream
Red
berry
Yellow Maroon
Butterfly Bird
3-7
Deer Resistant Ornamental Garden
Common Ninebark
Physocarpus opulifolius
8'-10'
8'-10'
full
Wet-Mesic to Dry
June-July
Pink White
Red
berry
Maroon Purple
2-5
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Bush Cinquefoil / Native Potentilla
Potentilla fruticosa
2'-4'
2'-4'
full part
Medium
Wet to Mesic
July-September
Yellow
Yellow Brown
Ornamental Garden
Eastern Sandcherry
Prunus pumila
4'-6'
4'-6'
full part
Medium to Low
May-June
White
August
Purple Black
berry
fruit
Red
Bird
3-4
Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden
Gro-Low Sumac
Rhus aromatica 'Gro-Low'
1'-2'
6'-7'
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic to Dry
May
Yellow
Red
berry
Red Orange
Butterfly Bird
4-5
Deer Resistant Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden Rabbit Resistant
Smooth Sumac
Rhus glabra
6'-8'
10'-12'
full
Dry
June-July
Yellow Green
July-September
Red
Red
Bird
3-4
Staghorn Sumac
Rhus typhina
10'-12'
10'-12'
full part
Medium to Low
June-July
Green
August-September
Red
Red
Bird
3-5
Meadow Rose
Rosa blanda
3'-6'
6'-8'
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic to Dry
June-July
Pink
July-September
Red
hip
fruit, flowers
Red
Butterfly Bee Bumblebee
3-4
Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden
Carolina Rose
Rosa carolina
2'-3'
6'-7'
full part
Low
Wet-Mesic to Dry
May-June
Pink
Red
hip
fruit, flowers
Red Orange Yellow
Butterfly Bird Bee Bumblebee
3-6
Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden
Swamp Rose
Rosa palustris
5'-8'
5'-8'
full part
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic
June-July
Pink
Red Orange
hip
fruit, flowers
Red
Butterfly Bee Bumblebee
3-5
Deer Resistant Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden
Highbush Blackberry
Rubus allegheniensis
3'-6'
6'-12'
full part
May-June
White
July-August
Black
berry
fruit
Red Orange Maroon
Bird
3-4
Northern Raspberry
Rubus idaeus canadensis
3'-6'
6'-12'
full part
Medium
White
July-August
Red
berry
fruit
Red Yellow Maroon Purple
Bird Bee
4
Pussy Willow
Salix discolor
15'-20'
10'-12'
full
Medium
Wet to Wet-Mesic
April-May
Green Silver
Yellow
Butterfly Bird Bee
2-5
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Prairie Willow
Salix humilis microphyllus
3'-6'
3'-6'
full
High
Wet to Dry
March-May
Yellow Green Purple Brown
Brown
Yellow
Bird Bee Bumblebee
3
Sandbar Willow
Salix interior
6'-20'
full
Wet to Wet-Mesic
May-July
Yellow
3-4
Slender Willow
Salix petiolaris
6'-12'
6'-15'
full part
Wet to Wet-Mesic
April-May
May-June
Yellow
3
American Elder
Sambucus canadensis
8'-10'
8'-10'
full
Wet to Mesic-Dry
June
White
August-September
Blue Purple Black
berry
fruit, flowers
Yellow
Bird
3-7
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Red-Berried Elder
Sambucus pubens
10'-12'
10'-12'
full part
High
Wet-Mesic
May-June
White Cream
June-August
Red Orange
berry
Yellow
Butterfly Bird Hummingbird
4-6
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Silver Buffaloberry
Shepherdia argentea
8'-10'
8'-10'
full
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
Yellow
August-September
Red
drupe
fruit
Yellow
Bird
2-5
Deer Resistant
Meadowsweet
Spiraea alba
3'-6'
3'-6'
full
Wet-Mesic
July
White
Red Orange Yellow
Bee
3-4
Deer Resistant Ornamental Garden
Hardhack Spirea (Steeplebush)
Spiraea tomentosa
2'-4'
3'-6'
full
Wet to Wet-Mesic
Pink
Red Yellow Bronze
Bee
3-4
Deer Resistant Ornamental Garden
American Bladdernut
Staphylea trifolia
10'-15'
10'+
full part
Medium
Mesic
May
White
Yellow Brown
pod
Yellow
Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
3-4
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
White Snowberry
Symphoricarpos albus
3'-4'
4'-5'
full part
Medium to Low
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
May-July
White
September-November
White
berry
Yellow
Moth Bird
2-5
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Red Snowberry / Coralberry
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus
3'-4'
4'-6'
full part
Wet to Dry
Green White
Pink Magenta Red
berry
Yellow
Bird
2-7
Ornamental Garden
Arrowwood Viburnum
Viburnum dentatum
6'-10'
6'-10'
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic
May-June
White
Blue Black
berry
Magenta Red Orange Yellow Maroon
Butterfly Bird
2-8
Ornamental Garden
Nannyberry Viburnum
Viburnum lentago
12'-20'
8'-20'
full part
Medium
Mesic
May-June
White
August-September
Black
berry
fruit
Maroon
Bird
3-4
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Downy Arrowwood Viburnum
Viburnum rafinesquianum
6'-8'
6'-8'
full part
Mesic to Dry
May
White
August-September
Blue Black
berry
Red Orange
Bird
3-4
Ornamental Garden
American Highbush Cranberry
Viburnum trilobum
6'-10'
6'-10'
full part shade
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
May-June
White
September-February
Red
berry
fruit
Red Maroon
Beetle Bird Fly Bee
2-5
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Red Maple
Acer rubrum
60'
40'-50'
full part
Wet to Mesic
April-May
Pink Magenta Red Yellow
May-June
Red
samara
Red Orange
3-6
Deer Resistant Shade Tree
Silver Maple
Acer saccharinum
60'-80'
40'-60'
full part
High to Medium
Wet to Wet-Mesic
March-April
Red
May-June
samara
Yellow
3-7
Deer Resistant
Sugar Maple
Acer saccharum
60'
40'-50'
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic
April-June
Yellow
August-October
samara
sap
Red Orange Yellow
3-5
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Shade Tree
Black Sugar Maple
Acer saccharum nigrum
60'-75'
40'-60'
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Dry
April-May
Yellow
September-October
samara
sap
Red Orange Yellow
4-8
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Shade Tree
Mountain Maple
Acer spicatum
20'-30'
15'-25'
full part shade
Medium
Wet-Mesic
May-July
Yellow Green
August-September
Magenta Red
samara
Red Orange
2-4
Buckthorn Replacement
Speckled Alder
Alnus rugosa
15'-20'
15'-20'
full part
Wet to Mesic
March-May
July-October
Brown
samara
Yellow
Bird
2-5
Buckthorn Replacement
Downy Serviceberry
Amelanchier arborea
15'-25'
10'-15'
full part
Mesic to Dry
April-May
White
June-July
Red Blue Purple Black
pome
fruit
Red Orange Yellow
Bird
3
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Allegheny Serviceberry
Amelanchier laevis
15'-25'
10'-15'
full part
Medium
Mesic
April-May
White
June-July
Red Purple
pome
fruit
Red Orange Yellow
Bird
3-4
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Autumn Brilliance Serviceberry
Amelanchier x grandiflora 'Autumn Brilliance'
15'-25'
15'-25'
full part
Medium
April
White
Red
pome
fruit
Red Orange
Bird
Ornamental Garden
Yellow Birch
Betula alleghaniensis
60'-70'
30'
full part
Medium
May-June
August-September
samara
Yellow
2-4
Shade Tree
River Birch
Betula nigra
50'-60'
35'-40'
full part
Medium
Wet to Mesic
April-May
May-June
samara
Yellow
4-8
Paper Birch
Betula papyrifera
50'-60'
35'-40'
full part
Medium to Low
April-June
August-September
samara
Yellow
2-4
Shade Tree
Blue Beech (Musclewood)
Carpinus caroliniana
20'-30'
20'-30'
full part shade
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic
May
Red Green
nutlet
Red Orange Yellow
2-8
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Bitternut Hickory
Carya cordiformis
50'-75'
50'-75'
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
May-June
August-September
nut
Yellow
2-7
Shade Tree
Northern Catalpa
Catalpa speciosa
40'-60'
20'-40'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Dry
White
Brown
pod
Yellow Brown Bronze
Bird
4-8
Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden
Hackberry
Celtis occidentalis
50'-75'
50'-75'
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic to Dry
April-May
Yellow Green
August-September
Red Purple Brown
drupe
Yellow
Bird
3-5
Shade Tree
Redbud (MN Strain)
Cercis canadensis
20'-30'
25'-35'
full part
Medium
Pink Magenta
Yellow
Ornamental Garden
Pagoda Dogwood
Cornus alternifolia
15'-20'
20'-25'
full part shade
Medium
Mesic
White
Black
berry
Red Maroon Purple
Bird
3-5
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden
Kentucky Coffeetree
Gymnocladus dioicus
60'-75'
40'-50'
full
High to Medium
Wet to Mesic
Yellow Green Black
pod
Yellow
4-6
Shade Tree
Butternut
Juglans cinerea
40'-60'
30'-50'
full
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
Yellow Green
September-October
Yellow
nut
fruit
Yellow Brown Bronze
3-7
Black Walnut
Juglans nigra
50'-75'
50'-75'
full
Medium
Wet-Mesic
Yellow Green
September-October
Green Brown
nut
fruit
Yellow
4-7
Ironwood
Ostrya virginiana
35'-50'
20'-35'
full part shade
Wet-Mesic to Dry
Red Green Brown
Green White Brown Cream
pod
Yellow
4-7
Buckthorn Replacement
American Sycamore
Platanus occidentalis
75'-100'
50'
full part
High
Wet-Mesic
March-April
Red Yellow Green Brown
Orange Brown
Brown
Bird
5-9
Deer Resistant
Balsam Poplar
Populus balsamifera
60'-70'
30'-35'
full
Wet-Mesic
April-May
Orange Yellow Bronze
2-7
Fragrant Garden
Cottonwood
Populus deltoides
75'-100'
75'-100'
full
Wet to Mesic-Dry
March-April
Red Green
Yellow
3-7
Bigtooth Aspen
Populus grandidentata
50'-60'
20'-40'
full
High to Medium
Wet to Wet-Mesic
April-May
Yellow
3-5
Quaking Aspen
Populus tremuloides
40'-50'
20'-35'
full
High to Medium
Wet to Wet-Mesic
Yellow
2-5
American Plum
Prunus americana
20'-35'
20'-35'
full
Medium
Mesic
White
August-September
Red Purple
drupe
fruit
Red Orange Yellow
Bird Bee
3-7
Buckthorn Replacement Fragrant Garden
Pin Cherry (Fire Cherry)
Prunus pensylvanica
20'-35'
10'-20'
full
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
May-June
White
July-August
Red
drupe
fruit
Red Orange
Bird
2
Buckthorn Replacement Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden
Wild Black Cherry
Prunus serotina
50'-60'
23'-30'
full part
High to Low
Wet-Mesic to Dry
White
August-September
Black
drupe
fruit
Orange Yellow
Bird
3-7
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Shade Tree Fragrant Garden
Common Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana
20'-35'
12'-15'
full part
Medium to Low
Wet-Mesic to Dry
August-September
White
Purple Black
drupe
fruit
Orange Yellow
Bird
2-5
Buckthorn Replacement Fragrant Garden
White Oak
Quercus alba
60'-80'
60'-80'
full
Medium to Low
Mesic to Dry
nut
Red Maroon
4-7
Deer Resistant Shade Tree
Swamp White Oak
Quercus bicolor
50'-60'
50'-60'
full
High to Medium
Wet to Wet-Mesic
nut
Orange Yellow
4-5
Deer Resistant Shade Tree
Bur Oak
Quercus macrocarpa
60'-80'
60'-80'
full
Medium to Low
Green
nut
Yellow
3-8
Deer Resistant Shade Tree
Chinquapin (Chinkapin) Oak
Quercus muehlenbergii
40'-60'
50'-70'
full
Medium to Low
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
April
Yellow Green
nut
fruit
Red Yellow Brown
Shade Tree
Red Oak
Quercus rubra
60'-80'
40'-50'
full part
Medium
Mesic
nut
Red
4-7
Deer Resistant Buckthorn Replacement Shade Tree
Black Oak
Quercus velutina
50'-60'
50'-60'
full
Medium to Low
April-May
Yellow Green
nut
Red Yellow Maroon
Peachleaf Willow
Salix amygdaloides
35'-50'
35'-50'
full
High to Medium
Wet
Yellow
3-5
Bebb's Willow
Salix bebbiana
10'-20'
6'-10'
full part
Wet to Mesic-Dry
Yellow Green Brown
2-5
Black Willow
Salix nigra
35'-50'
20'-35'
full
High to Medium
Wet to Mesic
Yellow Green
3-8
Buckthorn Replacement
Showy Mountain Ash
Sorbus decora
20'-35'
15'-25'
full
High to Medium
Wet to Mesic
White
Red Orange
pome
Red Orange Yellow
Bird
2-4
Ornamental Garden
American Basswood
Tilia americana
50'-60'
30'-40'
full part
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
June-August
Yellow Cream
Yellow
Bee
3-6
Buckthorn Replacement Shade Tree Fragrant Garden
American Bittersweet
Celastrus scandens
3'-35'
6'-12'
full part
Mesic to Dry
May-June
Green White
September-October
Orange Yellow
berry
Yellow
Bird
2-4
Deer Resistant
Virgin's Bower
Clematis virginiana
12'-15'
6'-8'
full part
Wet to Mesic
July-August
White Cream
August-September
3-5
Deer Resistant Groundcover
Yellow Vine Honeysuckle
Lonicera prolifera
10'-15'
4'-8'
full part shade
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
May-June
Yellow Cream
Red Orange
berry
Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
4
Groundcover
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
50'
full part shade
Low
Wet-Mesic
May-June
Green
September
Blue Black
berry
Red Maroon
Bird
2-6
Deer Resistant Groundcover
Riverbank Grape
Vitis riparia
35'-75'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Dry
May-June
August-September
Blue Purple
berry
fruit
Yellow
Bird
2-6
Deer Resistant
Sweet Flag
Acorus calamus
3'-4'
1'+
full
High
Wet to Wet-Mesic
June-July
Yellow Brown
Brown
4-5
Fragrant Garden
Fragrant Hyssop
Agastache foeniculum
2'-4'
1'-2'
full part
Mesic to Dry
June-August
Purple Violet Lavender
leaves
Butterfly Bird Bee Wasp Hummingbird
3-5
Deer Resistant Fragrant Garden Rabbit Resistant
Nodding Onion
Allium cernuum
1'-2'
6"-1'
full part
July-August
Pink
leaves, shoots, bulbs
Bee
Deer Resistant Fragrant Garden Rabbit Resistant
Prairie Onion
Allium stellatum
1'-1'4"
4"-8"
full part
Mesic to Dry
July-August
Pink
leaves, shoots, bulbs
Bee
3-5
Deer Resistant Fragrant Garden Rabbit Resistant
Prairie Pussy Toes
Antennaria neglecta
4"
6"+
full part
Low
Mesic to Dry
April-June
White
Butterfly
3-5
Groundcover
Wild Columbine
Aquilegia canadensis
1'-3'
1'
full part
Mesic to Dry
April-May
Red Yellow
Butterfly Bird Hummingbird
3-4
Spikenard
Aralia racemosa
3'-7'
3'-4'
part shade
High to Medium
July
White
Red Purple
berry
Yellow
Prairie Sage
Artemisia ludoviciana
2'-3'
1'6"+
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic to Dry
July-September
Green
4
Fragrant Garden
Wild Ginger
Asarum canadense
6"-1'
part shade
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
May-June
Pink White Maroon
Beetle
4-5
Groundcover
Poke Milkweed
Asclepias exaltata
3'-5'
2'-3'
part shade
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
June-August
Green White Cream
June-August
pod
Butterfly
Marsh/Red Milkweed
Asclepias incarnata
3'-4'
1'
full
Wet to Mesic
July
Pink
pod
Yellow Maroon Purple
Butterfly Beetle Bird Bee Wasp Hummingbird Bumblebee
3-5
Fragrant Garden
Butterfly Milkweed
Asclepias tuberosa
2'-3'
1'
full part
Mesic to Dry
July-August
Orange
pod
Yellow
Butterfly Beetle Bee Bumblebee
3-5
White Indigo
Baptisia alba
4'
2'
full part
Mesic to Mesic-Dry
June-July
White
Green Black
pod
Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
4
Rabbit Resistant
Blue Indigo
Baptisia australis
3'-4'
3'
full part
Wet-Mesic
June-July
Blue Violet
Green Black
pod
Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
4-7
Rabbit Resistant
Hairy Wood Mint
Blephilia hirsuta
1'4"-2'6"
1'+
part shade
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
June-September
Purple White
Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
Deer Resistant Fragrant Garden Rabbit Resistant
Harebell
Campanula rotundifolia
1'-2'
6"
full part
June-September
Purple Lavender
3-4
Blue Cohosh
Caulophylum thalictroides
1'-3'
2'
part shade
Medium
April-May
Yellow Green
Blue
berry
Yellow Brown
3-7
White Turtlehead
Chelone glabra
2'-3'
1'
full
Mesic
August-September
White Cream
Butterfly Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
3-7
Lance-leaf Coreopsis
Coreopsis lanceolata
1'6"-3'
1'
full
Low
Mesic to Dry
May-July
Yellow
Butterfly Bird Bee Bumblebee
Prairie Coreopsis
Coreopsis palmata
1'-2'
1'+
full part
Mesic to Dry
June-July
Yellow
3-5
Narrow-leaved Coneflower
Echinacea angustifolia
2'-3'
1'-1'6"
full part
Low
Dry
June-July
Pink
Butterfly Bird Bee Bumblebee
Pale Purple Coneflower
Echinacea pallida
3'-4'
1'-1'6"
full part
Mesic to Dry
June-July
Pink
Butterfly Bird Bee Bumblebee
4-5
Rattlesnake Master
Eryngium yuccifolium
2'-4'
1'
full
Medium
Wet-Mesic to Dry
July-August
Green White
Butterfly Bee
Fragrant Garden
Boneset
Eupatorium perfoliatum
3'-4'
1'
full
Wet to Mesic
July-September
White
Red Yellow Maroon
Butterfly Beetle Bee Wasp
3-4
Flowering Spurge
Euphorbia corollata
3'
1'-1'6"
full part
Mesic to Dry
June-August
White
Magenta Red Orange Yellow
Deer Resistant Rabbit Resistant
Large-Leaved Aster
Eurybia macrophylla
2'-3'
1'+
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
September-October
Blue White Lavender
Butterfly
Groundcover
Joe-Pye Weed
Eutrochium maculatum
4'-6'
2'
full part
Wet to Mesic
July
Pink Lavender
Butterfly Bee
3-5
Fragrant Garden
Sweet Joe-Pye Weed
Eutrochium purpureum
4'-6'
2'
full part
Mesic
July-September
Pink Lavender
Butterfly Bee
3-4
Fragrant Garden
Queen of the Prairie
Filipendula rubra
3'-6'
2'+
full part
Wet to Wet-Mesic
June-August
Pink
Red Yellow
Butterfly
4
Blanket Flower
Gaillardia aristata
1'-3'
1'-1'6"
full
Low
Dry
May-September
Red Yellow
Butterfly Bee
Ornamental Garden
Northern Bedstraw
Galium boreale
1'-2'
1'+
full part
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic
June-July
White
4
Groundcover
Bottle Gentian
Gentiana andrewsii
1'-2'
1'
full part
Wet to Wet-Mesic
August-October
Blue Purple Violet
Bee Bumblebee
3-4
Wild Geranium
Geranium maculatum
1'-2'
1'6"+
part shade
Mesic
April-July
Pink Lavender
Red
3-5
Groundcover
Prairie Smoke
Geum triflorum
6"-1'
1'+
full part
Mesic to Dry
April-June
Pink Red Silver
Red Green Maroon Purple
4-5
Groundcover
Sneezeweed / Dogtooth Daisy
Helenium autumnale
3'-5'
1'6"-2'
full part
Wet to Mesic
August-October
Yellow
Bee
Stiff Sunflower
Helianthus pauciflorus
2'-6'
1'6"+
full
Mesic to Dry
July-September
Yellow
Butterfly Bird Bee
Ox-Eye
Heliopsis helianthoides
4'-5'
2'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
July-August
Yellow
Butterfly Bee
3-4
Alumroot (Prairie Coralbells)
Heuchera richardsonii
1'-3'
1'
full part
Mesic to Dry
May-July
Red Yellow Green Brown
Hummingbird
4
Groundcover
Halberdleaf Rosemallow
Hibiscus laevis
3'-5'
2'-3'
full part
High to Medium
Wet to Wet-Mesic
July-September
Pink White
Bird Hummingbird
Ornamental Garden
Virginia Waterleaf
Hydrophyllum virginianum
6"-1'
2'+
part shade
High to Medium
Wet-Mesic
April-May
White Lavender
Bee Bumblebee
4-5
Groundcover
Northern Blue Flag Iris
Iris versicolor
2'-3'
1'+
full
Wet to Wet-Mesic
June-July
Blue Lavender
Bird Hummingbird
3
Rough Blazingstar
Liatris aspera
2'-3'
9"
full
Mesic to Dry
July-October
Pink Magenta Purple
Butterfly
3-5
Meadow Blazingstar
Liatris ligulistylis
3'-5'
1'-2'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
August-September
Pink Magenta Purple
Butterfly
3-7
Prairie Blazingstar
Liatris pycnostachya
2'-5'
6"-1'
full part
Wet to Mesic
July-September
Pink Magenta Purple
July-August
Butterfly
3-5
Cardinal Flower
Lobelia cardinalis
2'-4'
8"-1'
full part
High to Medium
Wet to Mesic
July-September
Red
Butterfly Bird Hummingbird
3-5
Great Blue Lobelia
Lobelia siphilitica
1'-3'
1'
full part
Wet to Mesic
August-October
Blue Purple
Bird Bee Hummingbird
4-5
Wild Lupine
Lupinus perennis
1'-2'
1'-1'6"
full part
Mesic-Dry to Dry
May-June
Blue Purple
Yellow Black
pod
Butterfly Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
False Solomon's Seal
Maianthemum racemosum
1'-3'
1'+
full part shade
Mesic to Dry
May-June
White Cream
Red
berry
Yellow
3-5
Monkeyflower
Mimulus ringens
1'-3'6"
1'+
full
Wet to Wet-Mesic
June-July
Blue Purple
3-5
Bee Balm/Wild Bergamot
Monarda fistulosa
2'-4'
1'6"+
full part
Wet-Mesic to Dry
June-August
Pink Lavender
leaves, flowers
Bird Bee Wasp Hummingbird Bumblebee
Fragrant Garden Rabbit Resistant
Dotted Mint/Spotted Bee Balm
Monarda punctata
1'6"-3'
1'+
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic-Dry to Dry
July-September
Yellow Maroon Lavender
Bird Bee Wasp Hummingbird Bumblebee
Ornamental Garden Fragrant Garden Rabbit Resistant
Wild Quinine
Parthenium integrifolium
1'-3'
1'
full part
Mesic to Mesic-Dry
June-September
White
Beetle Fly Bee Wasp Bumblebee
Foxglove Penstemon
Penstemon digitalis
3'-4'
1'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
May-July
White
Red Green Maroon
Bird Hummingbird
4-5
Showy Penstemon/Beardtounge
Penstemon grandiflorus
2'-4'
1'
full
Low
Mesic to Dry
May-June
Pink Lavender
Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
4-5
Purple Prairie Clover
Petalostemon purpureum
1'-2'
1'
full
Low
Mesic to Dry
July-September
Pink Magenta Purple
Butterfly Bird Bee
4-5
Woodland Phlox
Phlox divaricata
6"-1'6"
1'+
part
May-June
Purple Lavender
3-5
False Dragonhead / Obedient Plant
Physostegia virginiana
2'-3'
2'+
full
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
June-September
Pink
Bird Bee Bumblebee
3-4
Mayapple
Podophyllum peltatum
1'-2'
1'+
part
Mesic
May-June
White
Yellow
berry
Bee Bumblebee
4
Groundcover
Jacob's Ladder
Polemonium reptans
1'-2'
1'
part
Mesic
May-June
Blue
4-5
Solomon's Seal
Polygonatum biflorum
1'-4'
1'+
part shade
Medium
Wet to Mesic
May-June
White Cream
September
Blue Black
berry
Yellow
Bee Bumblebee
4
Lion's Foot
Prenanthes alba
2'-4'
1'-2'
part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic-Dry
August-October
Pink White Lavender
Bee Bumblebee
Fragrant Garden
Mountain Mint
Pycnanthemum virginianum
1'-3'
full part
July-September
Purple White
Beetle Bee Wasp
Fragrant Garden
Yellow (Gray) Headed Coneflower
Ratibida pinnata
3'-7'
1'6"
full part
Low
Mesic to Dry
June-August
Yellow
July-September
Butterfly Bird
4-7
Black-Eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
1'-3'
1'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Dry
June-October
Yellow
Butterfly
3-5
Green-headed Coneflower
Rudbeckia laciniata
7'-8'
2'+
full part
Medium
Wet-Mesic
July-September
Yellow
Butterfly
Sweet Black-Eyed Susan
Rudbeckia subtomentosa
3'-5'
1'-1'6"
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
August-October
Yellow
Butterfly
4-5
Fragrant Garden
Wild Petunia
Ruellia humilis
1'-1'3"
1'
full
Mesic to Dry
June-September
Violet Lavender
Yellow Maroon
Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
4-5
Early Figwort
Scrophularia lanceolata
2'-6'
1'-2'
full part shade
Medium
June-July
Pink Orange Green
Green Maroon Purple
Butterfly Bird Bee Wasp Hummingbird Bumblebee
Rabbit Resistant
Late Figwort
Scrophularia marilandica
2'-10'
1'6"-2'
full part shade
July-September
Red Green Maroon
Butterfly Bird Ant Bee Wasp Hummingbird Bumblebee
Deer Resistant Rabbit Resistant
Cup Plant
Silphium perfoliatum
6'-8'
2'+
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
July-September
Yellow
Butterfly Bird Bee Hummingbird Bumblebee
4
Prairie Blue Eyed Grass
Sisyrinchium campestre
9"-1'
9"-1'
full part
Mesic to Mesic-Dry
May-July
Blue Violet
3-5
Groundcover
White Upland Goldenrod
Solidago ptarmicoides
1'-2'
1'
full
Low
Dry
July-September
White
Butterfly
3-5
Stiff Goldenrod
Solidago rigida
4'
2'
full part
Wet-Mesic to Dry
August-October
Yellow
Red Orange Yellow Maroon
Butterfly Beetle Bird Bee Wasp Bumblebee
Elm Leaf Goldenrod
Solidago ulmifolia
1'-3'
1'-2'
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic to Mesic-Dry
July-October
Yellow
Butterfly Bee Wasp Bumblebee
Heartleaf Aster
Symphyotrichum cordifolium
2'-4'
1'
part
Mesic
September-October
Blue Lavender
Butterfly
3-4
Smooth Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum laeve
3'-5'
1'-2'
full part
Mesic to Dry
August-October
Blue Lavender
leaves
Butterfly
3-5
New England Aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
4'-5'
2'
full part
Wet-Mesic
September-October
Magenta Purple
Butterfly
4
Aromatic Aster
Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
1'-2'
1'+
full
Low
Dry
September-October
Purple
Butterfly
4
Fragrant Garden Groundcover
Sky Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum oolentangiense
2'-4'
1'
full part
Mesic to Dry
August-October
Blue Lavender
Butterfly
4-5
Silky Aster
Symphyotrichum sericeum
1'-2'
1'6"
full
Dry
August-October
Purple Lavender
Butterfly
3-4
Large-Flowered Trillium
Trillium grandiflorum
1'
part shade
Mesic
May-June
White
3-4
Blue Vervain
Verbena hastata
2'-4'
1'
full
Wet to Mesic
July-September
Blue Purple
Maroon Purple
Butterfly Bird Hummingbird
Hoary Vervain
Verbena stricta
3'-4'
1'
full
Dry
July-August
Blue Purple Lavender
Butterfly Bird Bee Hummingbird
4-5
Ironweed
Vernonia fasciculata
4'-6'
1'+
full
Wet-Mesic
July-September
Magenta Purple
Butterfly Bee
4-5
Culver's Root
Veronicastrum virginicum
3'-6'
1'+
full part
Wet-Mesic to Mesic
July-August
White
Butterfly Bee
3-5
Prairie Violet
Viola pedatifida
6"-9"
6"
full part
Medium to Low
Mesic
May
Violet Lavender
flowers
Butterfly
3-5
Heartleaf Golden Alexanders
Zizia aptera
1'-3'
1'-1'6"
full part
Medium to Low
Wet-Mesic to Dry
May-July
Yellow
Butterfly