Trees to Attract Birds

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Fruit:
Amelanchier arborea	Downy Serviceberry		June-July
Amelanchier laevis	Allegheny Serviceberry		June-July
Amelanchier x grandiflora	Apple Serviceberry		June-July
Celtis occidentalis	Hackberry		Sept-Oct
Cornus alternifolisa	Pagoda Dogwood		July-Aug
Juniperus virginiana	Eastern Red Cedar		July-March
Morus rubra	Red Mulberry		June-July
Prunus americana	American Plum		Aug-Sept
Prunus pennsylvanica	Pin Cherry		July-Aug
Prunus serotina	Black Cherry		Aug-Sept
Prunus virginiana	Common Chokecherry		Aug-Sept
Sorbus decora	Showy Mountain Ash		Aug-Oct

Wildflowers for Woodlands  

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Bloom:
Actea rubra	Red Baneberry		May-June
Adiantum pedatum	Maidenhair Fern
Anemone canadensis	Canada Mayflower		April-May
Anemonella thalictroides	Rue Anemone		April-May
Aquilegia canadensis	Wild Columbine		April-May
Arisaema triphyllum	Jack-in-the-Pulpit		April-May
Asarum canadense	Wild Ginger		May-June
Aster cordif olius	Heartleaf Aster		Sept-Oct
Aster novae angliae	New England Aster		Sept-Oct
Aster oblongif olius	Aromatic Aster		Sept-Oct
Aster oolentangiensis	Sky Blue Aster		Sept-Oct
Aster macrophyllus	Large-leaved Aster		Aug-Sept
Athyrium filix femina	Lady Fern
Carex pennsylvanica	Pennsylvania Sedge
Geranium maculatum	Wild Geranium		April-July
Hydrophyllum virginianum	Virginia Waterleaf		April-May
Hystrix patula	Bottlebrush Grass
Iris cristata	Dwarf Crested Iris		April-May
Matteuccia struthiopteris	Ostrich Fern
Mertensia virginica	Virginia Bluebells		April-May
Onolcea sensibilis	Sensitive Fern
Osmunda cinnamomea	Cinnamon Fern
Phlox divaricata	Woodland Phlox		May-June
Polemonium reptans	Jacobs Ladder		May-June
Polygonatum bif lorum	Solomons Seal		May-June
Rudbeckia subtomentosa	Sweet Black Eyed Susan		Aug-Sept
Sanguinaria canadensis	Bloodroot		May-June
Smilacina racemosa	False Solomons Seal		May-June
Solodago f lexicaulis	Zig-Zag Goldenrod		Aug-Sept
Trillium grandif lorum	Large-f lowered Trillium		May-June
Veronicastrum virginicum	Culver's Root		July-Aug

Shrubs for Woodlands

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Fruit:
Alnus rugosa	Speckled Alder		July-Aug
Amelanchier sanguinea	Sand (Roundleaf) Serviceberry		June-July
Aronia melanocarpa	Glossy Black Chokeberry		June-July
Cornus racemosa	Gray Dogwood		Aug-Sept
Corylus americana	American Hazelnut		Aug-Sept
Coyrlus cornuta	Beaked Filbert		Aug-Sept
Diervilla lonicera	Bronzeleaf Diervilla		June-July
Dirca palustris	Leatherwood
Euonymus atropurpurea	Eastern Wahoo		Aug-Sept
Hamamelis virginiana	Witch Hazel
Juniperus communis	Common Juniper
Ribes americanum	American Black Currant		July-Aug
Ribes cynosbati	Pasture Gooseberry		July-Aug
Ribes missouriensis	Missouri gooseberry		July-Aug
Rubus parviflorus	Thimbleberry		July-Aug
Sambucus pubens	Red-berried Elder		Aug-Sept
Staphylea trifolia	American Bladdernut
Symphoricarpos albus	White Snowberry		June-July
Taxus canadensis	Canada Yew
Vaccinium angustifolium	Lowbush Blueberry		July-Aug
Vaccinium corymbosum	Highbush Blueberry		July-Aug
Viburnum lentago	Nannyberry		Aug-Sept
Viburnum rafinesquianum	Downy Arrowwood		Aug-Sept
Viburnum trilobum	American Highbush Cranberry		Sept-Feb

Trees for Ornament

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Bloom:
Amelanchier arborea	Downy Serviceberry		May-June
Amelanchier laevis	Allegheny Serviceberry		May-June
Amelanchier x grandiflora	Apple Serviceberry		May-June
Carpinus caroliniana	Blue Beech (Musclewood)
Cercis canadensis	Redbud (MN Strain)		May-June
Cornus alternifolia	Pagoda Dogwood		June-July
Crataegus crus-galli	Cockspur Hawthorn		May-June
Euonymus atropurpurea	Eastern Wahoo/Spindle Tree		June-July
Prunus pennsylvanica	Pin Cherry		May-June
Sorbus decora	Showy Mountain Ash		May-June

Trees for Shade

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:
Acer rubrum	Red Maple
Acer saccharum	Sugar Maple
Betula alleghaniensis	Yellow Birch
Betula papyrifera	Paper Birch
Carya cordiformis	Bitternut Hickory
Celtis occidentalis	Hackberry
Fraxinus americana	White Ash
Gymnocladus dioicus	Kentucky Coffeetree
Prunus serotina	Wild Black Cherry
Quercus alba	White Oak
Quercus bicolor	Swamp White Oak
Quercus macrocarpa	Bur Oak
Quercus rubra	Red Oak
Tilia americana	American Basswood

Wildflowers for Raingardens

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Bloom:
Acorus calamus	Sweet Flag
Andropogan gerardii	Big Bluestem
Anemone canadensis	Canada Mayflower		April-May
Arisaema triphyllum	Jack-in-the-Pulpit		April-May
Aster novae angliae	New England Aster		Sept-Oct
Athyrium filix femina	Lady Fern
Carex crinita	Fringed Sedge
Eupatorium maculatum	Joe Pye Weed		July-Aug
Eupatorium perfoliatum	Boneset		Aug-Sept
Gentiana andrewsii	Bottle Gentian		Aug-Oct
Hydrophyllum virginianum	Virginia Waterleaf		April-May
Iris versicolor	Blue Flag Iris		June-July
Juncus tenuis	Path Rush
Liatris ligulistylis	Meadow Blazingstar		Aug-Sept
Liatris pycnostachya	Prairie Blazingstar		July-Aug
Lobelia cardinalis	Cardinal Flower		July-Sept
Lobelia siphilitica	Great Blue Lobelia		Aug-Sept
Matteuccia struthiopteris	Ostrich Fern
Mimulus ringens	Monkeyflower		June-July
Onoclea sensibilis	Sensitive Fern
Osmunda cinnamonea	Cinnamon Fern
Panicum virgatum	Switchgrass
Sorghastrum nutans	Indian Grass
Vernonia fasciculata	Ironweed		July-Sept
Veronicastrum virginicum	Culver's Root		July-Aug

Shrubs for Wetlands
These plants are ideal for shorelines, wetlands, and low areas.

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Soil:
Alnus rugosa	Speckled Alder		wet-mesic
Amphora fruiticosa	False Indigo		wet-mesic
Aronia melanocarpa	Glossy Black Chokeberry		wet-mesic
Betula pumila var. glandulifera	Bog Birch		wet
Cephalanthus occidentalis	Buttonbush		wet
Cornus amomum	Silky Dogwood		wet-mesic
Cornus sericea	Red-Twigged Dogwood		wet-mesic
Ilex verticillata	Winterberry		wet-mesic
Salix humilis	Prairie Willow		wet-mesic
Salix interior	Sandbar Willow		wet
Salix lucida	Shining Willow		wet
Salix rigida	Heart-leaf Willow		wet-mesic
Sambucus canadensis	American Elder		wet-mesic
Spiraea alba	Meadowsweet		wet-mesic
Spiraea tomentosa	Hardhack Spirea (Steeplebush)		wet-mesic
Vibrunum trilobum	American Cranberry		wet-mesic

Trees for Wetlands

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Soil:
Acer rubrum	Red Maple		wet-mesic
Acer saccharinum	Silver Maple		wet
Betula nigra	River Birch		wet-mesic
Fraxinus nigra	Black Ash		wet-mesic
Fraxinus pennsylvanica	Green Ash		wet-mesic
Larix laricina	Tamarack		wet-mesic
Picea mariana	Black Spruce		wet-mesic
Populus deltoides	Cottonwood		wet-mesic
Quercus bicolor	Swamp White Oak		wet-mesic
Salix amygdaloides	Peachleaf Willow		wet
Salix bebbiana	Bebbs Willow		wet-mesic
Salix discolor	Pussy Willow		wet
Salix nigra	Black Willow		wet
Thuja occidentalis	Northern White Cedar		wet-mesic

The Edible Garden

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Fruit/nut:
Amelanchier alnifolia	Saskatoon Serviceberry		June-July
Amelanchier alnifolia 'Regent'	Regent Serviceberry		June-July
Amelanchier arborea	Downy Serviceberry		June-July
Amelanchier laevis	Allegheny Serviceberry		June-July
Amelanchier stolonifera	Running Serviceberry		June-July
Aronia  melanocarpa	Glossy Black Chokeberry		June-Aug
Carya ovata	Shagbark Hickory		Aug-Sept
Corylus americana	American Hazelnut		Aug-Sept
Corylus cornuta	Beaked Hazelnut		Aug-Sept
Fragaria virginiana	Wild Strawberry		June-July
Juglans cinerea	Butternut		Sept-Oct
Juglans nigra	Black Walnut		Sept-Oct
Morus rubra	Red Mulberry		June-Aug
Prunus americana	American Plum		Aug-Sept
Prunus pennsylvanica	Pin Cherry		July-Aug
Prunus serotina	Wild Black Cherry		Aug-Sept
Prunus virginiana	Common Chokecherry		Aug-Sept
Ribes americanum	American Black Currant		July-Aug
Ribes cynosbati	Pasture Gooseberry		July-Aug
Ribes missouriensis	Missouri Gooseberry		July-Aug
Rubus allegheniensis	Highbush Blackberry		July-Aug
Rubus hispida	Dewberry		July-Aug
Rubus idaeus canadensis	Northern Raspberry		July-Aug
Rubus occidentalis	Black Raspberry		July-Aug
Rubus parviflorus	Thimbleberry		July-Aug
Sambucus canadensis	American Elder		Aug-Sept
Vaccinium angustifolium	Lowbush Blueberry		July-Aug
Viburnum angustifolium	American Cranberry		Sept-Feb
Vitis riparia	Riverbank Grape		July-Aug

Buckthorn Replacement
(History & Solutions)

Genus/species:	Common name:	Light:	Soil:
Acer saccharum	Sugar Maple		Wet-Mesic
Alnus rugosa	Speckled Alder		Wet-Mesic
Amelanchier alnifolia	Saskatoon Serviceberry		Mesic
Amelanchier alnifolia 'Regent'	Regent Serviceberry		Mesic
Amelanchier arborea	Downy Serviceberry		Dry-Mesic
Amelanchier laevis	Allegheny Serviceberry		Mesic
Aronia melanocarpa	Glossy Black Chokeberry		Wet-Mesic
Carpinus caroliniana	Blue Beech		Wet-Mesic
Cornus alternifolia	Pagoda Dogwood		Mesic
Cornus sericea	Red-Twig Dogwood		Wet-Mesic
Cornus racemosa	Gray Dogwood		Dry-Mesic
Corylus americana	American Hazelnut		Dry-Wet
Crataegus macracantha	Fleshy Hawthorn		Mesic
Euonymus atropurpurea	Eastern Wahoo		Mesic
Hammamelis virginiana	Witch Hazel		Mesic
Ostrya virginiana	Ironwood		Dry-Wet
Physocarpus opulifolius	Common Ninebark		Mesic
Prunus americana	American Plum		Mesic
Prunus pennsylvanica	Pin Cherry		Wet-Mesic
Prunus serotina	Wild Black Cherry		Dry-Mesic
Prunus virginiana	Common Chokecherry		Dry-Wet
Quercus rubra	Red Oak		Mesic
Salix discolor	Pussy Willow		Wet-Mesic
Salix  sericea	Red Willow		Wet-Mesic
Salix nigra	Black Willow		Wet-Mesic
Sambucus canadensis	American Elder		Mesic
Sambucus pubens	Red-berried Elder		Mesic
Tilia americana	American Basswood		Dry-Mesic
Viburnum lentago	Nannyberry		Mesic
Viburnum trilobum	American Cranberry		Mesic