EVERGREEN SHRUBS

Juniperus communis Common Juniper
Ht. 3-4' W 10-20'. Prefers well-drained sand loam soils.
Tolerates drought. Full sun. Aromatic, fine-textured foliage turning bronze
during winter. Found abundantly in varied portions of
northern and southeastern Minnesota growing on steep bluffs,
river bottoms, margins of swamps, etc. Zone 3-4.
Juniperus horizontalis
Spreading Juniper
Ht. 6-8" W 6-12'. Prefers sand to loam soils. Tolerates
clay. Requires excellent drainage. Low spreading deep green
foliage turning blue-purple during winter. Forms a dense
ground cover. Abundant in far north of Minnesota and occurs
locally on exposed sandstone cliffs in southeastern
Minnesota. Zone 2-4.
EVERGREEN TREES
Abies balsamea
Balsam Fir
Ht. 50' W 20'. Prefers loam, moist soils. Tolerates clay
soils. Full
sun or shade. Shiny, dark green aromatic needles.
Tree becomes open with age. The only Fir
native to Minnesota. Zone 2-4.
Juniperus virginiana
Eastern Red Cedar
H. 45' W 15-20'. Grows in sand to silty clay soils. Tolerates rocky, dry soils.
Drought and heat tolerant. Full sun. Foliage turns
plum color during winter. Berry-like cones add
interest and attract birds in autumn. Zone 3-7.
Larix laricina
Tamarack
Ht. 60' W 30-35'. Prefers wet acidic soils (pH 4.8-7.5).
Tolerates mesic soils. Grows with Black Spruce in bogs.
Bright green needles turn yellow in autumn. Early Americans
used the soft needles to stuff pillows. Wonderful specimen
or mass planting. Zone 2-4.
Picea glauca
White Spruce
Ht. 50' W 12-16'. Prefers moist acidic soils. Loam to clay
soils. Native species to northern coniferous forests and
wetland edges. Pale green foliage with open , lacy pyramidal
canopy. Zone 2-4.
Picea glauca densata
Black Hills Spruce
Ht. 50' W 12-16'. Prefers mesic soils. Loams to fine clay.
Native to North Dakota. Dark green foliage with dense
pyramidal form. Tolerates hot dry winds. Excellent for
specimen or massing. Zone 2-5.
Picea mariana
Black Spruce
Ht. 50' W 10-12'. Prefers moist, acidic soils. Tolerates mesic
upland and nutrient-poor soils. Full sun to part shade. Grows with
Tamarack in peat bogs. Short dark green needles
and pendulous cones. Very upright grower. Zone 2-4.
Pinus banksiana
Jack Pine
Ht. 50' W 20-35'. Grows best on sandy well-drained soils.
Requires full sun. Short needles. An upright picturesque
tree of the Pine Barrens. Zone 2-3.
Pinus resinosa
Red Pine
Ht. 75' W 35-55'. Sand to loamy soils. Upland mesic/dry.
Full sun. Minnesota State Tree. Also called Norway Pine.
Long dark green needles. Reddish bark. Canopy becomes open
and flat-topped with age. Zone 2-4.
Pinus strobus
White Pine
Ht. 75' W 35-55'. Moist, well-drained to heavy clay soils. Full sun to light shade. Soft blue-green needles. Originally
grew as far south where the St. Croix and Mississippi Rivers
intersect. Remnants survived the logging days. Picturesque, horizontal branching
habit. Zone 3-7.
Thuja occidenalis
Northern White Cedar
Ht. 45-60' W 10-12'. Tolerates most soils and light shade.
Prefers full sun. Foliage is very aromatic and used for
incense, medicine wreaths and other decorations. Excellent for hedges and
screening. Long-
lived. Zone 2-4.
Tsuga canadensis
Canadian Hemlock
Ht. 60' W 30-35'. Prefers loam soils. Wet to mesic soil
moisture. Rare native Minnesota large tree. Requires
protection from drying winter winds. Shade tolerant.
Excellent for hedges or mixed evergreen tree plantings.
Wisconsin seed source. Zone 3-4.
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