Where Ecology and Horticulture Unite
12 Evergreen / Coniferous Trees
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Balsam Fir
Abies balsamea
Height: 50'
Width: 20'
Sun: full, part, shade
Water Use: medium
Soil Moisture: wet, wet-mesic, mesic
Soil Types: cool, loamy, saturated peat, clay tolerant
Bloom Period: May-June
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 2-4
Recommended: Fragrant Garden
Comments: Shade tolerant. Shiny, dark green aromatic needles. Tree becomes open with age. The only Fir native to Minnesota.
Retail Pricing
#2 Cont.: $28.0018-24" Spring '25
#7 Cont.: $75.0042"+
#20 Cont.: $175.004-5'
Eastern Red Cedar
Juniperus virginiana
Height: 45'
Width: 15'-20'
Sun: full
Water Use: medium, low
Soil Types: sand, silty clay, rocky
Fruit Color: blue
Fruit Type: cone
Edible Parts: fruit
Fall Color: maroon, purple
Wildlife: Bird
Zone: 3-7
Recommended: Deer Resistant, Fragrant Garden, Edible Garden
Comments: Drought and heat tolerant. Berry-like cones add interest and attract birds in autumn.
Retail Pricing
Tamarack
Larix laricina
Height: 60'
Width: 30'-35'
Sun: full
Water Use: medium
Soil Moisture: wet, wet-mesic, mesic
Soil Types: acidic (pH 4.8-7.5)
Fruit Type: cone
Fall Color: yellow
Zone: 2-4
Recommended: Ornamental Garden
Comments: Deciduous conifer. Grows with Black Spruce in bogs. Bright green needles turn yellow in autumn. Early Americans used the soft needles to stuff pillows. Wonderful specimen or mass planting.
Retail Pricing
#2 Cont.: $29.0024-36"
#5 Cont.: $52.0042"
#7 Cont.: $110.004-5' Spring '25
White Spruce
Picea glauca
Height: 50'
Width: 12'-16'
Sun: full
Water Use: high, medium
Soil Moisture: wet-mesic, mesic
Soil Types: acidic, loam, clay tolerant
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 2-4
Recommended: Deer Resistant
Comments: Native species to northern coniferous forests and wetland edges. Pale green foliage with open, lacy pyramidal canopy.
Retail Pricing
#2 Cont.: $28.0018-24" Spring '25
#5 Cont.: $52.0036"+
#20 Cont.: $175.004-5'
Black Hills Spruce ref
Picea glauca densata
Height: 50'
Width: 12'-16'
Sun: full, part
Water Use: medium
Soil Moisture: mesic
Soil Types: loam to fine clay
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 2-5
Recommended: Deer Resistant
Comments: Dark green foliage. Dense pyramidal form. Tolerates hot, dry winds. Specimen/massing tree. ND native.
For reference only. Not currently stocked.
Black Spruce
Picea mariana
Height: 50'
Width: 10'-15'
Sun: full, part
Water Use: high, medium
Soil Moisture: wet-mesic, mesic
Soil Types: acidic, nutrient-poor
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 2-4
Recommended: Deer Resistant
Comments: Grows with Tamarack in peat bogs. Short, dark green needles and pendulous cones. Very upright growth habit.
Retail Pricing
#2 Cont.: $28.0018-24"
#25 Cont.: $195.005'+
Jack Pine
Pinus banksiana
Height: 50'
Width: 20'-35'
Sun: full
Water Use: medium
Soil Types: sandy, well-drained
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 2-3
Comments: Drought tolerant. Short needles. An upright, picturesque tree of the Pine Barrens.
Retail Pricing
#5 Cont.: $52.0042"+
#15 Cont.: $165.006'
Ponderosa Pine
ref
Pinus ponderosa
Height: 60'-100'
Width: 25'-30'
Sun: full
Water Use: medium
Soil Types: well-drained, tolerates most
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 3-7
Comments: Native to western ND/SD. Medium growth rate. Drought tolerant.
For reference only. Not currently stocked.
Red Pine
Pinus resinosa
Height: 75'
Width: 35'-55'
Sun: full
Water Use: medium, low
Soil Moisture: mesic, mesic-dry, dry
Soil Types: sandy, loamy
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 2-4
Recommended: Deer Resistant
Comments: MN State Tree, aka Norway Pine. Upland forests. Long, dark green needles. Reddish bark. Canopy becomes open and flat-topped with age.
Retail Pricing
#2 Cont.: $28.0024-30"
#5 Cont.: $52.003'
White Pine
Pinus strobus
Height: 65'-75'
Width: 35'-55'
Sun: full, part
Water Use: medium
Soil Moisture: wet-mesic, mesic
Soil Types: well-drained to heavy clay; tolerates most
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 3-7
Comments: Soft, blue-green needles. Originally grew as far south where the St. Croix and Mississippi Rivers intersect. Remnant stands survived the logging days. Picturesque, horizontal branching habit.
Retail Pricing
#2 Cont.: $28.0018-24"
Northern White Cedar
Thuja occidentalis
Height: 45'-60'
Width: 10'-12'
Sun: full, part
Soil Moisture: wet-mesic
Soil Types: tolerates most, rocky
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 2-4
Recommended: Buckthorn Replacement, Fragrant Garden
Comments: Foliage is very aromatic; used for incense, medicine wreaths and other decorations. Excellent for hedges and screening. Long-lived.
Retail Pricing
#2 Cont.: $28.0018-24"
#5 Cont.: $52.0036-42"
Canadian Hemlock
Tsuga canadensis
Height: 55'-60'
Width: 30'-35'
Sun: full, part, shade
Water Use: medium
Soil Moisture: wet-mesic, mesic
Soil Types: well-drained loam
Fruit Type: cone
Zone: 3-4
Recommended: Deer Resistant, Fragrant Garden
Comments: Rare native Minnesota large tree. Requires protection from drying winter winds. Shade tolerant. Excellent for hedges or mixed evergreen tree plantings. Wisconsin seed source.
Retail Pricing
#1 Cont.: $19.009-12"
B&B 28" Ball: $325.006' Very Full
B&B 32" Ball: $490.007'+ Dug Fall '24
